Significance of Entrepreneurs’ Demographic Factors on the Growth of SMEs in the Clothing Industry

Abstract

This study addresses the challenges faced by small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in the clothing industry in Lusaka town of Zambia. The study focuses on external factors and entrepreneurs' demographic characteristics. While previous research explored external challenges, the study aims to fill the gap by investigating how entrepreneurs' age, gender, and education influence SME growth in the clothing business sector. The objectives of the study were to; determine the relationship between the age of entrepreneurs and the growth of their SMEs; determine the relationship between the gender of the entrepreneurs and the growth of their SMEs and to establish the extent to which the entrepreneurs’ level of education influence the growth of their SMEs. The research adopts a positivism research philosophy and employs a quantitative research approach, utilizing an explanatory research design. The study is conducted in the Central Business District (CBD) of Lusaka town, given its prominence in SMEs. The target population comprises SMEs in the clothing business, and the sample size is determined using a stratified random sampling method. Data collection involves structured questionnaires, and data analysis is performed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22. Descriptive statistics, Chi-square tests, t-tests, and multiple regression analyses are employed to examine relationships between demographic factors and SME growth. The findings reveal a positive relationship between the age of entrepreneurs and SME growth, indicating that older entrepreneurs have a more significant influence on the growth of SMEs. However, the gender of entrepreneurs does not show a significant relationship with SME growth, challenging traditional beliefs. Surprisingly, the study finds a negative relationship between the level of education and SME growth, contradicting some existing literature. Based on these insights, recommendations are made, including initiating entrepreneurial training programs, improving access to financial resources, promoting gender inclusivity, and implementing policy interventions. The study emphasizes the importance of continuous research to monitor evolving dynamics and inform adaptive strategies for sustained SME growth.